三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐协效二乙基次膦酸铝阻燃PLA
谭旭，郭聪，耿丽，毕成良
天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院，天津 300384
MPP Synergized with ADP Flame Retardant PLA
Tan Xu, Guo Cong, Geng Li, Bi Chengliang
School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China
摘要：为研究三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP) 协同二乙基次膦酸铝 (ADP)对聚乳酸(PLA)的阻燃效果及阻燃机理，采用熔融共混工艺制备了不同 ADP/MPP 配比的 PLA/ADP/MPP 复合材料，并通过热重分析 、垂直燃烧、极限氧指数(LOI)、锥形量热(CCT)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 等对复合材料的阻燃性能进行分析。结果表明，MPP 作为协效剂，与 ADP 协同阻燃效果明显，当 ADP 和 MPP 的质量分数分别为 13.3% 和 6.7% 时，可使 PLA 的 LOI 提高至 36.2%，垂直燃烧等级达到 V-0 级 ，同时残炭率由纯 PLA 的 0.9% 提升至 6.35%，MPP 协同 ADP 对催化 PLA 成炭具有较为明显的作用 ；CCT测试结果表明，当 ADP 和 MPP 的质量分数分别为 13.3% 和 6.7% 时，MPP 协同 ADP 有效提高了 PLA 材料的阻燃性能，阻燃指数达到了 1.18，平均热释放速率和热释放速率峰值分别降低至 105 kW/m2 和 331.6 kW/m2，与纯 PLA 相比，降幅分别为 55.3% 和 27.6%，且烟生成速率和总烟释放显著下降 ；SEM 表征结果表明，当 ADP 和 MPP 的质量分数分别为13.3% 和 6.7% 时 ，材料的炭层结构连续致密且强度大，能有效隔绝基体与外界的气体接触和热交换，ADP/MPP 阻燃体系的凝聚相和气相相互补充作用达到最佳效果，阻燃能力最好。
Abstract：In order to study the flame retardant effect and flame retardant mechanism of melamine polyphosphate (MPP) synergized with aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) on polylactic acid (PLA), PLA/ADP/MPP composites with different proportions of ADP/MPP were prepared by melt blending process, the flame retardant properties of the composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, vertical combustion, limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimetry (CCT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that MPP synergized with ADP has a significant flame-retarding effect with MPP as a synergist, when 13.3 wt% ADP and 6.7 wt% MPP are added to PLA, the LOI of PLA can be increased to 36.2%, the vertical combustion level can reach V-0, and the residual carbon rate is increased from 0.9% of pure PLA to 6.35%, and MPP synergized with ADP has a more obvious effect on catalyzing PLA charcoal. The CCT results show that when 13.3 wt% ADP and 6.7 wt% MPP are added to PLA, MPP and ADP effectively improve the flame retardant performance of PLA, the flame retardant index reaches 1.18, and the average heat release rate and peak heat release rate decrease to 105 kW/m2 and 331.6 kW/m2, respectively, which decrease by 55.3% and 27.6% respectively compared to pure PLA, and the smoke formation rate and total smoke release of PLA decrease significantly. When 13.3 wt% ADP and 6.7 wt% MPP are added to PLA, the carbon layer structure of the composite is continuous, dense and strong, which can effectively isolate the gas contact and heat exchange between the matrix and the outside, the condensation and gas phase complementary effects of ADP/MPP flame retardant system achieve the best, and the flame retardant ability is the best.
关键词：聚乳酸；二乙基次膦酸铝；三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐；协同阻燃；阻燃体系
Keywords：polylactic acid; aluminum diethylphosphinate; melamine polyphosphate; synergistic flame retardant; flameretardant system
基金：天津市教委科研计划项目(2018KJ140)
本文引用格式：
谭旭，郭聪，耿丽，等.三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐协效二乙基次膦酸铝阻燃PLA[J].工程塑料应用，2023，51(10)：8-13.
Tan Xu，Guo Cong，Geng Li，et al . MPP synergized with ADP flame retardant PLA[J ]. Engineering Plastics Application，2023，51(10)：8-13.
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